Fund Expenses and Trading Friction
Expense ratios vary across funds tracking similar indexes. Cheaper is usually better, but not if tracking error, spreads, or loaned-securities policies degrade results. Ask about commission policies, securities lending revenue, and how rebalancing trades are routed. Over time, tiny costs accumulate meaningfully, especially in bond ETFs with wider spreads. Favor transparent, scalable lineups that prioritize reliability, liquidity, and predictable behavior during flight-to-safety episodes.